G20 summit’s major accomplishments under Indian presidency

As the nation geared up for the summit gathering of the leaders of the world’s major economies over the weekend, official sources stated on Thursday that India’s G20 leadership has resulted in numerous new projects and accomplishments. They said that by delivering the first completely negotiated and accepted G20 Foreign Ministers Outcome Document and Chair Summary (FMM ODCS), India took the initiative at the yearly G20 foreign ministers conference.

This thorough document emphasised important subjects that affected member states, such as enhancing multilateralism, combating terrorism, and addressing issues with global health, among others.

Sources claim that the first “Voice of the Global South Summit” was hosted by India’s presidency.

Historic gathering

This historic gathering gave them a platform to express worries, thoughts, issues, and priorities of the developing world, they claimed, with participation from 125 countries spread across 10 sessions over two days.

The New Delhi Declaration, which was released on the first day of the two-day G20 Summit, established the course for future negotiations on significant economic issues, including climate financing, which for the first time gave the green financing requirements for developing countries a dollar value of $5.9 trillion, multilateral bank reforms, international taxation, and sustainable development.

The Russia-Ukraine crisis-

“People were expecting the declaration not to come out and that the paragraph of Ukraine would have been opposed by China and Russia, but the fact that everyone decided on a little give and take, is as much a tribute to diplomacy of India, as also India’s ability to have chosen right. Emerging countries have got a role in terms of being the moderating influence, and this is not the first time that India has been a moderating influence,” Rajiv Dogra, a former Indian ambassador to San Marino, Albania, Romania, Moldova, and Italy as well as India’s permanent representative to the United Nations organisations stationed in Rome, made this statement.

Amitabh Kant, India’s Sherpa to the G20, said on Saturday that India worked closely with Brazil, South Africa, and Indonesia on the Russia-Ukraine situation, where the emerging markets played a crucial role. The proclamation also acknowledged the role Turkiye and the UN-mediated Istanbul Agreements played in securing the successful implementation of the Black Sea Grain Agreement and the prompt and uninterrupted flow of grain, food, and fertiliser imports from the Russian Federation and Ukraine.

“The most complex part of the entire #G20 was to bring consensus on the geopolitical paras (Russia-Ukraine). This was done over 200 hours of non-stop negotiations, 300 bilateral meetings, 15 drafts,”

Kant stated on Sunday in a social media post.

In the midst of strenuous negotiations to resolve differences, the agreement on a unified declaration represents a tremendous diplomatic achievement. According to the statement, all governments must refrain from using force or threatening to use it against another country’s territorial integrity, sovereignty, or political independence in order to prevent the war in Ukraine from violating the UN Charter. Nuclear weapons use or threat of use is not permitted. There was no mention of Russian assault in Ukraine.

G20 to G21

The declaration also listed the African Union as a permanent G20 member and acknowledged the significance of the continent to the world economy. The spokesperson for the president of South Africa, Vincent Magwenya, told Mint on the sidelines that India’s role in ensuring that the Global South was included in the Summit had established the standard for future discussions by all multilateral forums, where the voice of developing and underdeveloped countries would have a permanent platform.

Women Empowerment

Accelerating women’s leadership and empowerment in the private sector is the goal of the G20 coalition for the Empowerment and Progression of Women’s Economic Representation (EMPOWER), a partnership of G20 corporate leaders and governments.

DPI

The creation of the Digital Public Infrastructures (DPIs) was agreed upon during the G20 Digital Economy Ministers’ Meeting. They claimed that there was agreement on both digital skills and cyber security in the digital economy.

Health & Science

India also played a pioneering role in the formation of the G20-Chief Science Advisers Roundtable (G20-CSAR), which discussed topics such as “opportunities in one health” for improved disease control and pandemic preparedness, coordinating international efforts to increase access to scholarly scientific knowledge, diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility in science & technology (S&T), and an institutional mechanism for inclusive, ongoing, and action-oriented global S&T policy dialogue.

They added that India reopened negotiations about changing international organisations, such as the UN Security Council and Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs), in an effort to strengthen and reform multilateralism.

They pointed out that an independent expert panel was constituted under India’s presidency to offer suggestions for supporting MDBs and enhancing their effectiveness in dealing with 21st-century challenges.

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